The difference between polarizers and filters

First, different working principles

Polarizing plate: Polarizing plate is specially treated by molecular structure or material so that only light in a certain direction can pass through. It can convert unpolarized light into polarized light, or it can convert polarized light in a particular direction into polarized light in another direction or block it completely. This is achieved by selectively absorbing or transmitting the vibration direction of the light.

Filters: Filters can use absorption, reflection or interference mechanisms to achieve filtering. Absorptive filters filter by selectively absorbing specific wavelengths of light. Interference filters use the interference effect of light to selectively enhance or weaken the propagation of specific wavelengths of light by adjusting the thickness or refractive index of the film layer. In this way, the filter can achieve selective transmission or reflection of specific wavelengths or colors of light.

Second, different application areas of polarizers and filters

Due to the different roles of polarizers and filters, their application fields are also different.

Polarizer is widely used in optical instrument, electron microscope, polarizing sunglasses, LCD display and other fields. For example, in an LCD display, by adding layers with polarizers and liquid crystal compounds, the transmission and blocking of light can be controlled to achieve the effect of the display screen.

Filters are widely used in fields based on color adjustment, such as color palettes in film and chemistry, as well as astronomical filters in astronomy.

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